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Veteran newsman Robert Trout has the second of two reports about the history of the Republican party, through his own reporting on the last 17 conventions over a period of nearly seventy years. Today, Trout picks up in the late 1940's and early 1950's, and the fight between moderates and conservatives -- between the forces of Dwight D. Eisenhower and Robert A. Taft. Eisenhower won. But the pendulum swung back in the 1960's with the nomination of Barry Goldwater. Ultimately, Trout points out that the struggle between moderate and conservative still marks party proceedings today.

NPR's Michelle Trudeau reports on two new research studies that give clues about clinical depression, an illness that afflicts 18 million people in this country. Writing in two scientific journals, this month's issues of The American Journal of Medical Genetics and The American Journal of Psychiatry, these researchers report finding a genetic clue that may explain why many more women suffer from depression than men, and a specific brain abnormality that may help lead to an explanation of why depression tends to strike repeatedly in many people.

NPR's Mike Shuster reports on the journey of one man back to his home in the mountains outside Sarajevo. It was his first trip since the siege of the city began nearly four years ago. The man was reunited with his neighbors whom he had known for 25 years. (8:00) CUTAWAY 2C 0:59 2D 14. NORTH AMERICAN ASTEROIDS - NPR's Richard Harris reports that researchers have found evidence that the United States was hit by a series of asteroids or comets similar to those that struck Jupiter recently. In the case of the U.S., the impacts may have occurred an estimated 300 million years ago. If confirmed, this would be the first such string of impacts found on Earth.

SIDNEY JONES, is regional director of Human Rights Watch in Asia. Recently Human Rights Watch published a report on abandoned children in China, and their treatment in China's state-funded orphanages, "Death by Default: A Policy of Fatal Neglect in China's State Orphanages." The report finds the death rate in the orphanages "staggering," and in some cases constitutes a sinister "systematic program of child elimination."

Edward Lifson is in Belgrade, where police stopped students from marching, but an estimated 60,000 anti-government demonstrators rallied. The coalition of opposition parties, which has sponsored marches for more than five weeks, got a psychological boost today from a report issued by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. The OSCE report was released following a week of investigating poll results from the November 17th municipal elections that were annulled by the government and Yugoslav courts. The OSCE today said the opposition parties won those elections fair and square.

He became best-known for his reporting from Baghdad during the allied bombing raid which heralded the start of the Gulf War. Arnett has more than 30 years of experience reporting, much of it for the Associated Press. He won a Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the Vietnam war, and later covered wars in Cyprus and Lebanon. Arnett joined CNN in 1991 and was sent to El Salvador, Moscow and then Iraq. Arnett wrote the memoir, Peter Arnett: Live From the Battlefield: From Vietnam to Baghdad - 35 Years in the World's War Zones. This interview first aired Jan. 18, 1994.

In a story broadcast on Morning Edition on Jan. 22, 2002, National Public Radio said it had called the Traditional Values Coalition to ask if that group had been contacted by the FBI, investigating the mailing of anthrax to Senate offices. This report violated NPR editorial principles. No one had told our reporter that the Traditional Values Coalition was a suspect in the anthrax mailing. No facts were available then or since then to suggest that the group had any role in the anthrax mailing. NPR deeply regrets this mistake and apologizes for any false impression that the coalition was involved in this investigation.

Members of the Chicago police routinely tortured suspects, predominantly black men, during the 1970s and '80s, special prosecutors say in a new report -- but the crimes are too old to file charges on.

For 34 years, Bob Woodward has been a reporter and editor at The Washington Post. His new book is about the confidential source he and reporting partner Carl Bernstein relied on in the Watergate story, The Secret Man: The Story of Watergate's Deep Throat.

New York Times reporter Charles Duhigg has reported that human excrement and dangerous chemicals are making their way into our waterways and then into our drinking water. Duhigg returns to Fresh Air to talk the problems with our nation's sewer system.